Showing posts with label benjamin topham. Show all posts
Showing posts with label benjamin topham. Show all posts

Thursday, 9 June 2016

9th June 1816: Luddites destroy 19 Lace-frames at New Radford, Nottinghamshire

On Sunday 9th June 1816, Luddites undertook an action in Nottinghamshire for the first time since September 1814, almost two years.

The Leicester Chronicle of 15th June 1816 carried an article about the attack (most likely from the Nottingham Review):
Daring Outrage.—On Saturday night last, about one o'clock, a party of men, disguised and armed with various sorts of weapons, forced the door of Mr. William Wright, of New Radford, when about seven of them, having obtained a light, rushed up stairs into the workshop, or shops, where they demolished twelve point net lace-frames; and with such vengeance did they exercise their lawless authority, that the frames, which were principally of superior worth, are rendered of very little value. It is very singular, that three of the these frames belong to Mr. Benjamin Topham, of Pentrich, Derbyshire, and were broken about four years ago, in his shop, at that village, along with a number more, two of which have made very little work, and the other none since they were repaired. One of the other frames belongs to Mr. Platts of Nottingham, four to Mr. Wright, and three to Mr, Waynman, lace-manufacturer of Nottingham, who is Mr. Wright's principal employer, and one to Mr. Cole, lace-manufacturer. The loss thus occasioned must be very great; but this is not all, for the depredators, not content with the mischief thus done, very materially damaged or destroyed (principally the latter) about thirty-one yards of net which was upon the frames, and took away six yards. The clock face in the house was struck with great violence with a hammer, and the corner cupboard was beat in pieces. Mr. Wright was away from home. Mrs. Wright and family were kept in their respective rooms while the mischief was going on, but, as these nightly violators of property and domestic repose had twice to go down stairs for a light, the guarded parties had opportunity of seeing them, and they agree in stating that seven men were in the shop, while Mrs. Wright thinks she saw twelve men that stood watch on the outside.—When the workmen, as those, we understand, are called that actually do the mischief, had completed their purpose at Mr. Wright's, they immediately went in the house of Mr. Mullen, close by, the door of which they broke into pieces, and then rushed up into the workshop, where they demolished seven point net lace-frames, six of which belonged to Mr. Waynman above named, and one to Mr. Mullen—one was left uninjured, and is generally understood, from the watchword of alarm being given from without. They also took from Mr. Mullen's, fifteen yards of net and a shirt, and left an instrument behind them like a tomahawk; they also broke the clock. It is proper to state, that the depredators, in order to render their mischief more complete, broke many of the globes, which contain a mixture of water and aquafortis, and which are used by the workmen in winter evenings to add to the brilliancy of their light, and cast the corroding contents upon the frames.—It seems singular, that neither Mr. Mullen nor his wife heard them; the reason assigned is this, which is a very feasible one, and, from the respectability of Mr. Mullen's character, is universally believed—he had more liquor than he usually takes in an evening, which caused him to sleep very soundly, as he had been in bed about an hour: and Mrs. Mullen, who was also asleep in bed, is very hard of hearing. When these daring offenders had completed the object of their violence, they discharged several pistols—shouted, as though in triumph, and then retired. Two persons are in custody on suspicion.
In fact, Topham of Pentrich had been the target of 3 separate attacks by Luddites during their previous heyday in the midlands.

The Tory Nottingham Journal of 15th June 1816 also carried a (somewhat differing) report about what occurred (which, in this case, was reprinted in the Tory Leicester Journal of 21st June 1816):
Frame Breaking.—We had hoped that the fatal rencontre at New Basford, in the Autumn on 1814, had effectually subdued the spirit of Luddism; and that we should hear no more of these criminal excesses, the commission of which had struck terror throughout this neighbourhood, and placed the lives of all who were concerned therein in perpetual jeopardy during the remainder of their existence. Unfortunately this hope has not been realised; and we have this week the painful duty of announcing a partial renewal of that most atrocious system, and the destruction of eighteen point net lace frames, at New Radford.—In the dead of the night of Saturday last a part of men, armed with pistols, &c. (top the number, it is supposed, of 30 or 40), beset the house of Mr. Wright, in Chapel Street, New Radford, and after placing scouts at the different avenues, a part of them forced open the door and proceeded to demolish the frames in the workshop, which they effectually accomplished. Whilst this was carrying on, others of the part  placed themselves as guards over the inhabitants of the house, in their beds, threatening them with death if they offered to stir, or give the least alarm. A woman, however, on the opposite side of the street, being awakened by the noise then attempted to raise the neighbourhood with her cries, but she was compelled to desist, on some stones being thrown at her accompanied by the snapping of a pistol, which fortunately missed fire. The party then made good their retreat, previous to which they broke an eight-day clock, standing in the house. The frames were employed by Mr. [Waynman]. Besides the above frames, there was a narrow frame in the workshop,m which was left untouched.—Whatever hopes might have been entertained from the effects of the petition forwarded to Parliament, this week, praying for a regulation of the trade, &c. it can scarcely be expected that the representations of the Workmen will meet with much respect, when it is known, that a certain body of them continues arrayed in open hostility to the property of their employers and the laws of the land.

Wednesday, 7 March 2012

7th March 1812: Derbyshire Luddites target Mr Topham of Pentrich again

On the evening of Saturday 7th March, and for the second time, Luddites attacked the stocking and lace frames of Mr. B Topham of Pentrich.

The Leeds Mercury commented that he was a target for the local Luddites because of "his activity in attempting to bring some of them to justice, in consequence of several frames being broken in his shop some time ago."

On this occasion, Luddites destroyed 7 lace frames and 3 plain hose frames.

Thursday, 22 December 2011

22nd December 1811: William Milnes writes of the Luddite system in South Derbyshire

Ashover 22nd. Dec. 1811
Right Honble Sir

I am extremely sorry to inform you that the Stocking frame breaking system which has caused so much alarm and disturbance in the neighbourhood of Nottingham, has extended its baneful effects, into this Neighbourhood, at Pentridge about six miles from hence

A Person of the name of Topham, has had frames distroyed to the amount of £500, the whole of his property, at Wessington, they distroyed at two Houses 1 frame each, and took money for preservation of the [illegible]—on Monday two men came to this place who called them selves inspectors from the Committee they went to every stockingers house and discharged them from working under such prices as they gave them a list of and said they they should come again in a few days and in case any of them were found working without having a ticket from their Masters saying that he was willing to give the price stated in their list—They should break these frames. They summoned all the Stockingers about 12 or 14 in number of Master Men to a Publick House with as much consequence and as if they had a mandate from the Prince Regent. When they got them thither all I can learn at present, was for for the purpose of collecting money from them for the support of the families who where deprived of getting their bread by having their Frames broken—Where they found a frame worked by a person who had not served a regular apprenticeship, or by a woman, they discharged them from working and if they promised to do so, they stuck a paper upon the frame with these words written upon it “let this Frame stand, the colts removed”—Colt is the Name given to all those who have not served a regular apprenticeship—there is no military at Chesterfield, we are therefore doing all we can to protect ourselves, & neighbor by the civil power. Mr. Jebb has been here to day and swore in upwards of 40 stout young Men as Special constables—We are all upon the alert for we have some bad men who are stockingers among us & we are determined if possible to be a match for them. I am afraid their intentions are evil and that some are concerned whose designs are so awful as to require great vigilance to detect.

I hope in my next I shall have to say that all is become peaceable and quiet & remain

Sir: Your most obedient & faithful Humble servant

Willm. Milnes

The Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks Bart. K.B.
Soho Square, London

Thursday, 8 December 2011

7th December 1811: Luddites return to Pentrich

Five nights after their visit to Pentrich, where not one frame was broken, Derbyshire Luddites returned, this time with intent. Ten stocking frames were broken, along with some lace frames.

5 nights previously, a Mr B Topham had been subject to inquiries by Derbyshire Luddites, and he had given them assurances that he had no wide frames. That night, he was returning from Nottingham when he found Luddites breaking some of his lace frames. Topham quickly went to the vicarage, obtained the key to the church and went there to ring one of the bells.

With the threat that the whole village would be woken by the ringing bells, and that the alarm would spread, The Luddites knew it would not be safe for them to remain much longer, and retreated, pausing to destroy one frame a short distance from the village. They then made their way out to Swanwick and Riddings, to break more frames.

Thursday, 1 December 2011

1st December 1811: Derbyshire Luddites spare Pentrich frames from destruction, this time...

On the same evening as Luddites were taking action in other parts of Derbyshire, a group made a visit to the Derbyshire village of Pentrich. Their actions that night suggested they were not wholly familiar with the area, because they insisted upon inspecting frames in several of the houses there. The Derby Mercury of 12th December 1811 carried a particularly vivid description of events:
"Soon after midnight ... the Frame breakers, armed with weapons, arrived at Pentridge, and proceeded to the house of Mr. B. Topham; banging at the door, they demanded the key of his workshop ... On opening his door, they presented three guns ... threatening to blow his brains out if he did not comply with their demands. He told them he had no Frames of the description they were in search of (for cut up work,) nor were there any in the town, and having somewhat appeased them with conciliatory language they left his house, one of them (thanking) the man who sent them thither. After going to a few other shops in the village they departed, without doing any mischief, but threatening to return some future night and destroy those Frames that were worked at an under price, or by those persons who are termed Colts."

This activity suggests that the Derbyshire Luddites were not only conducting an audit of the Pentrich frames and working practices, but had realised that an intimidating show of strength may be sufficient to bring hosiers into line. The Luddites would return to Pentrich sooner than many that night may have thought.